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NIPS'1991 Volume 4 : Table of Contents
John Moody, Steven Hanson, Richard Lippmann (eds), Morgan-Kaufmann (1992)
i Title Pages
v Table of Contents
xv Preface

Part I NEUROBIOLOGY

0003 Models Wanted: Must Fit Dimensions of Sleep and Dreaming
J. Allan Hobson, Adam N. Mamelak, and Jeffrey P. Sutton
0011 Stationarity of Synaptic Coupling Strength Between Neurons with Nonstationary Discharge Properties
Mark Sydorenko and Eric D. Young
0019 Perturbing Hebbian Rules
Peter Dayan and Geoffrey Goodhill
0027 Statistical Reliability of a Blowfly Movement-Sensitive Neuron
Rob de Ruyter van Steveninck and William Bialek
0035 The Clusteron: Toward a Simple Abstraction for a Complex Neuron
Bartlett W. Mel
0043 Network activity determines spatio-temporal integration in single cells
Ojvind Bernander, Christof Koch, and Rodneyl Douglas
0051 Nonlinear Pattern Separation in Single Hippocampal Neurons with Active Dendritic Membrane
Anthony M. Zador, Brendaf Clai borne, and Thomas H. Brown
0059 Self-organisation in real neurons: Anti-Hebb in 'Channel Space'?
Anthony J. Bell
0067 Single Neuron Model: Response to Weak Modulation in the Presence of Noise
A.R. Bulsara, E.W. Jacobs, and F. Moss
0075 Dual Inhibitory Mechanisms for Definition of Receptive Field Characteristics in a Cat Striate Cortex
A.B. Bonds
0083 A comparison between a neural netwok model for the formation of brain maps and experimental data
K. Obermszyer, K. Schulten, and G. G. Blasdel

Part II NEURO-DYNAMICS

0091 Retinogeniculate Development: The Role of Competition and Correlated Retinal Activity
Ron Keesing, David G. Stork, and Carla J. Shatz
0101 Locomotion in a Lower Vertebrate: Studies of the Cellular Basis of Rhythmogenesis and Oscillator Coupling
James T. Buchanan
0109 Adaptive Synchronization of Neural and Physical Oscillators
Kenji Doya and Shuji Yoshizawa
0117 Burst Synchronization without Frequency Locking in a Completely Solvable Network Model
Heinz Schuster and Christof Koch

Part III SPEECH

0125 Oscillatory Model of Short Term Memory
David Horn and Marius Usher
0135 Multi-State Time Delay Neural Networks for Continuous Speech Recognition
Patrick Haffner andAlex Waibel
0143 Modeling Applications with the Focused Gamma Net
Jose C. Principe, Bert de Vries, Jyh Ming Kuo, Pedro Guedes de Oliveira
0151 Time-Warping Network: A Hybrid Framework for Speech Recognition
Esther Levin, Roberto Pieraccini, and Enrico Bocchieri
0159 Improved Hidden Markov Model Speech Recognition Using Radial Basis Function Networks
Elliot Singer and Richard P. Lippmann
0167 Connectionist Optimisation of Tied Mixture Hidden Markov Models
Steve Renals, Nelson Morgan, Herve Bourlard, Horacio Franco, and Michael Cohen
0175 Neural Network--Gaussian Mixture Hybrid for Speech Recognition or Density Estimation
Yoshua Bengio, Renato De Mori, Giovanni Flammia, Ralf Kompe
0183 JANUS: Speech-to-Speech Translation Using Connectionist and Non-Connectionist Techniques
Alex Waibel, Ajay N. fain, Arthru McNair, Joe Tebelskis, Louise Osterholtz, Hiroaki Saito, Otto Schmidbauer, Tilo Sloboda, and Monika Woszczyna
0191 Forward Dynamics Modeling of Speech Motor Control Using Physiological Data
Makoto Hirayama, Eric Vatikiotis-Bateson, Mitsuo Kawato, and Michael I. Jordan

Part IV LANGUAGE

0199 English Alphabet Recognition with Telephone Speech
Mark Fanty, Ronald A. Cole, and Krist Roginski
0209 Generalization Performance in PARSEC-A Structured Connectionist Parsing Architecture
Ajay N. fain
0217 Constructing Proofs in Symmetric Networks
Gadi Pinkas
0225 A Connectionist Learning Approach to Analyzing Linguistic Stress
Prahlad Gupta and David S. Thuretzky
0233 Propagation Filters in PDS Networks for Sequencing and Ambiguity Resolution
Ronald A. Sumida and Michael G. Dyer

Part V TEMPORAL SEQUENCES

0241 A Segment-based Automatic Language Identification System
Yeshwant K. Muthusamy and Ronald A. Cole
0251 The Efficient Learning of Multiple Task Sequences
Satinder P. Singh
0259 Practical Issues in Temporal Difference Learning
Gerald Tesauro
0267 HARMONET: A Neural Net for Harmonizing Chorales in the Style of J.S. Bach
Hermann Hild, Johannes Feulner, and Wolfram Menzel
0275 Induction of Multiscale Temporal Structure
Michael C. Mozer
0283 Network Model of State-Dependent Sequencing
Jeffley P. Sutton, Adam N. Mamelak, and J. Allan Hobson

Part VI RECURRENT NETWORKS

0291 Learning Unambiguous Reduced Sequence Descriptions
Jurgen Schmidhuber
0301 Recurrent Networks and NARMA Modeling
Jerome Connor, Les E. Atlas, and Douglas R. Martin
0309 Induction of Finite-State Automata Using Second-Order Recurrent Networks
Raymond L. Watrous, and Gary M. Kuhn
0317 Extracting and Learning an Unknown Grammar with Recurrent Neural Networks
C.L. Giles, C.B. Miller, D. Chen, G.Z. Sun, H.H. Chen, and Y.C. Lee
0325 Operators and curried functions: Training and analysis of simple recurrent networks
Janet Wiles and Anthony Bloesch
0333 Green's Function Method for Fast On-line Learning Algorithm of Recurrent Neural Networks
Guo-Zheng Sun, Hsing-Hen Chen, and Yee-Chun Lee

PartVII VISION

0341 Dynamically-Adaptive Winner-Take-All Networks
Trent E. Lange
0351 Information Processing to Create Eye Movements
David A. Robinson
0356 Decoding of Neuronal Signals in Visual Pattern Recognition
Emad N. Eskandar, Barryf. Richmond, John A. Hertz, Lance M. Optican, and Troels Kjer
0364 Learning How to Teach or Selecting Minimal Surface Data
Davi Geiger and Ricardo A. Marques Pereira
0372 Learning to Make Coherent Predictions in Domains with Discontinuities
Suzanna Becker and Geoffley E. Hinton
0380 Recurrent Eye Tracking Network Using a Distributed Representation of Image Motion
P.A. Viola, S. G. Lisberger, and T.J. Sejnowski
0388 Against Edges: Function Approximation with Multiple Support Maps
Trevor Darrell and Alex Pentland
0396 Markov Random Fields Can Bridge Levels of Abstraction
Paul R. Cooper and Peter N. Prokopowicz
0404 Illumination and View Position in 3D Visual Recognition
Amnon Shashua
0412 Hierarchical Transformation of Space in the Visual System
Alexandre Pouget, Stephen A. Fisher, and Terrence J. Sejnowski
0420 VISIT: A Neural Model of Covert Visual Attention
Subutai Ahmad
0428 Visual Grammars and their Neural Nets
Eric Mjolsness
0436 Learning to Segment Images Using Dynamic Feature Binding
Michael C. Mozer, Richard S. Zemel, and Marlene Behrmann
0444 Combined Neural Network and Rule-Based Framework for Probabilistic Pattern Recognition and Discovery
Hayit K. Greenspan, Rodney Goodman, and Rama Chellappa
0452 Linear Operator for Object Recognition
Ronen Basri and Shimon Ullman

Part VIII OPTICAL CHARACTER RECOGNITION

0460 3D Object Recognition Using Unsupervised Feature Extraction
Nathan Intrator, Josh I. Gold, Heinrich H. Bulthoffi and Shimon Edelman
0471 Structural Risk Minimization for Character Recognition
I. Guyon, V. Vapnik, B. Boser, L. Bottou, and S.A. Solla
0480 Image Segmentation with Networks of Variable Scales
Hans P. Graf, Craig R. Nohl, and Jan Ben
0488 Multi-Digit Recognition Using a Space Displacement Neural Network
Ofer Matan, Christopher J. C. Burges, Yann Le Cun, and John S. Denker
0496 A Self-Organizing Integrated Segmentation and Recognition Neural Net
Jim Keeler and David E. Rumelhart
0504 Recognizing Overlapping Hand-Printed Characters by Centered-Object Integrated Segmentation and Recognition
Gale L. Martin and Mosfeq Rashid

Part IX CONTROL AND PLANNING

0512 Adaptive Elastic Models for Hand-Printed Character Recognition
Geoffrey E. Hinton, Christophe K.I. Williams, and Michael D. Revow
0523 Obstacle Avoidance through Reinforcement Learning
Tony J. Prescott and John E. W. Mayhew
0531 Active Exploration in Dynamic Environments
Sebastian B. Thrun and Knut Moller
0539 Oscillatory Neural Fields for Globally Optimal Path Planning
Michael Lemmon
0547 Recognition of Manipulated Objects by Motor Learning
Hiroaki Gomi and Mitsuo Kawato
0555 Refining PID Controllers using Neural Networks
Gary M. Scott, Jude W. Shavlik, and W. Harmon Ray
0563 Fast Learning with Predictive Forward Models
Carlos Brody
0571 Fast, Robust Adaptive Control by Learning only Forward Models
Andrew W. Moore
0579 Reverse TDNN: An Architecture for Trajectory Generation
Patrice Simard and Yann Le Cun
0589 Learning Global Direct Inverse Kinematics
David DeMers and Kenneth Kreutz-Delgado
0595 A Neural Net Model for Adaptive Control of Saccadic Accuracy by Primate Cerebellum and Brainstem
Paul Dean, John E. W. Mayhew, and Pat Langdon
0603 Learning in the Vestibular System: Simulations of Vestibular Compensation Using Recurrent Back-Propagation
Thomas J. Anastasio
0611 A Cortico-Cerebellar Model that Learns to Generate Distributed Motor Commands to Control a Kinematic Arm
N.E. Berthier, S.P. Singh, A.G. Barto, and J.C. Houk
0619 A Computational Mechanism to Account for Averaged Modified Hand Trajectories
Ealan A. Henis and Tamar Flash

Part X APPLICATIONS

0627 Simulation of Optimal Movements Using the Minimum-Muscle-Tension-Change Model
Menashe Dornay, Yoji Uno, Mitsuo Kawato, and Ryoji Suzuki
0637 ANN Based Classification for Heart Defibrillators
M. Jabri, S. Pickard, P. Leong, Z. Chi, B. Flower, and Y. Xie
0645 Neural Network Diagnosis of Avascular Necrosis from Magnetic Resonance Images
Armando Manduca, Paul Christy, and Richard Ehman
0651 Neural Network Analysis of Event Related Potentials and Electroencephalogram Predicts Vigilance
Rita Venturini, William W. Lytton, and Terrence J. Sejnowski
0659 Neural Control for Rolling Mills: Incorporating Domain Theories to Overcome Data Deficiency
Martin Roscheisen, Reimar Hofmann, and Volker Tresp
0667 Fault Diagnosis of Antenna Pointing Systems Using Hybrid Neural Network and Signal Processing Models
Padhraic Smyth and Jeff Mellstrom
0675 Multimodular Architecture for Remote Sensing Options
Sylvie Thiria, Carlos Mejia, Fouad Badran, Michel Crepon
0683 Principled Architecture Selection for Neural Networks: Application to Corporate Bond Rating Prediction
John Moody and Joachim Utans
0691 Adaptive Development of Connectionist Decoders for Complex Error-Correcting Codes
Sheri L. Gish and Mario Blaum
0698 Application of Neural Network Methodology to the Modelling of the Yield Strength in a Steel Rolling Plate Mill
Ah Chung Tsoi
0706 Computer Recognition of Wave Location in Graphical Data by a Neural Network
Donald T. Freeman
0714 A Neural Network for Motion Detection of Drift-Balanced Stimuli
Hilary Tunley
0722 Neural Network Routing for Random Multistage Interconnection Networks
Mark W. Goudreau and C. Lee Giles

Part XI IMPLEMENTATION

0730 Networks for the Separation of Sources that are Superimposed and Delayed
John C. Platt and Federico Faggin
0741 CCD Neural Network Processors for Pattern Recognition
Alice M. Chiang, Michael L. Chuang, and Jeffrey R. LaFranchise
0748 A Parallel Analog CCD/CMOS Signal Processor
Charles F. Neugebauer and Amnon Yariv
0756 Direction Selective Silicon Retina that uses Null Inhibition
Ronald G. Benson and Tobi Delbruck
0764 A Contrast Sensitive Silicon Retina with Reciprocal Synapses
Kwabena A. Boahen and Andreas G. Andreou
0773 A Neurocomputer Board Based on the ANNA Neural Network Chip
Eduard Sackinger, Bernhard E. Boser, and Lawrence D. Jackel
0781 Software for ANN training on a Ring Array Processor
Phil Kohn, Jeff Bilmes, Nelson Morgan, and James Beck
0789 Constrained Optimization Applied to the Parameter Setting Problem for Analog Circuits
David Kirk, Kurt Fleischer, Lloyd Watts, and Alan Barr
0797 Segmentation Circuits Using Constrained Optimization
John G. Harris
0805 Analog LSI Implementation of an Auto-Adaptive Network for Real-Time Separation of Independent Signals
Marc H. Cohen, Phillipe O. Pouliquen, and Andreas G. Andreou
0813 Temporal Adaptation in a Silicon Auditory Nerve
John Lazzaro

Part XII LEARNING AND GENERALIZATION

0821 Optical Implementation of a Self-Organizing Feature Extractor
Dana Z. Anderson, Claus Benkert, Verena Hebler, Ju-Seog Jang, Don Montgomery, and Mark Saffman
0831 Principles of Risk Minimization for Learning Theory
V. Vapnik
0839 Bayesian Model Comparison and Backprop Nets
David J. C. MacKay
0847 The Effective Number of Parameters: An Analysis of Generalization and Regularization in Nonlinear Learning Systems
John E. Moody
0855 Estimating Average-Case Learning Curves Using Bayesian, Statistical Physics and VC Dimension Methods
David Haussler, Michael Kearns, Manfred Opper, and Robert Schapire
0863 Constant-Time Loading of Shallow 1-Dimensional Networks
Stephen Judd
0871 Experimental Evaluation of Learning in a Neural Microsystem
Joshua Alspector, Anthony Jayakumar, and Stephan Luna
0879 Threshold Network Learning in the Presence of Equivalences
John Shawe-Taylor
0887 Gradient Descent: Second Order Momentum and Saturating Error
Barak Pearlmutter
0895 Tangent Prop--A formalism for specifying selected invariances in an adaptive network
Patrice Simard, Bernard Victorri, Yann Le Cun, and John Denker
0904 Polynomial Uniform Convergence of Relative Frequencies to Probabilities
Alberto Bertoni, Paola Campadelli, Anna Morpurgo, and Sandra Panizza
0912 Unsupervised learning of distributions on binary vectors using 2-layer networks
Yoav Freund and David Haussler
0920 Incrementally Learning Time-varying Half-planes
Anthony Kuh, Thomas Petsche, and Ron L. Rivest
0928 The VC-Dimension versus the Statistical Capacity of Multilayer Networks
Chuanyi Ji and Demetri Psaltis
0936 Some Approximation Properties of Projection Pursuit Learning Networks
Ying Zhao and Christopher G. Atkeson
0944 Neural Computing with Small Weights
Kai-Yeung Siu and Jehoshua Bruck
0950 A Simple Weight Decay Can Improve Generalization
Anders Krogh and John A. Hertz

Part XIII ARCHITECTURES AND ALGORITHMS

0958 Best-First Model Merging for Dynamic Learning and Recognition
Stephen M. Omohundro
0969 Rule Induction through Integrated Symbolic and Subsymbolic Processing
Clayton McMillan, Michael C. Mozer, and Paul Smolensky
0977 Interpretation of Artificial Neural Networks: Mapping Knowledge-Based Neural Networks into Rules
Geoffiry Towell and Jude W. Shavlik
0985 Hierarchies of adaptive experts
Michael I. Jordan and Robert A. Jacobs
0993 Adaptive Soft Weight Tying using Gaussian Mixtures
Steven J. Nowlan and Geoffrey E. Hinton
1001 Repeat Until Bored: A Pattern Selection Strategy
Paul W. Munro
1009 Towards Faster Stochastic Gradient Search
Christian Darken and John Moody
1017 Competitive Anti-Hebbian Learning of Invariants
Nicol N. Schraudolph and Terrence J. Sejnowski
1025 Merging Constrained Optimisation with Deterministic Annealing to "Solve" Combinatorially Hard Problems
Paul Stolorz
1033 Kernel Regression and Backpropagation Training with Noise
Patti Koistinen and Lasse Holmstrom
1040 Splines, Rational Functions and Neural Networks
Robert C. Williamson and Peter L. Bartlett
1048 Networks with Learned Unit Response Functions
John Moody and Norman Yarvin
1056 Learning in Feedforward Networks with Nonsmooth Functions
Nicholas J. Redding and T. Downs
1064 Iterative Construction of Sparse Polynomial Approximations
Terence D. Sanger, Richard S. Sutton, and Christopher J. Matheus
1072 Node Splitting: A Contructive Algorithm for Feed-Forward Neural Networks
Mike Wynne-Jones
1080 Information Measure Based Skeletonisation
Sowmya Ramachandran and Lorien Y. Pratt
1088 Data Analysis Using G/Splines
David Rogers
1096 Unsupervised Classifiers, Mutual Information and 'Phantom Targets'
John S. Bridle, Anthony J.R. Heading, and David J. C. MacKay
1102 A Network of Localized Linear Discriminants
Martin S. Glassman
1110 A Weighted Probabilistic Neural Network
David Montana
1118 Network generalization for production: Learning and producing styled letterforms
Igor Grebert, David G. Stork, Ron Keesing, and Steve Mims
1125 Shooting Craps in Search of an Optimal Strategy for Training Connectionist Pattern Classifiers
J.B. Hampshire II and B.V.K. VijayaKumar
1133 Improving the Performance of Radial Basis Function Networks by Learning Center Locations
Dietrich Wettschereck and Thomas Dietterich

Part XIV PERFORMANCE COMPARISONS

1141 A Topograhic Product for the Optimization of Self-Organizing Feature Maps
Hans-Ulrich Bauer, Klaus Pawelzik, and Theo Geisel
1151 Human and Machine 'Quick Modeling'
Jakob Bernasconi and Karl Gustafson
1159 A Comparison of Projection Pursuit and Neural Network Regression Modeling
Jenq-Neng Hwang, Hang Li, Martin Maechler, R. Douglas Martin, and Jim Schimert
1167 Benchmarking Feed-Forward Neural Networks: Models and Measures
Leonard G.C. Hamey
1175 Keyword Index
1184 Author Index