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NIPS'1987 Volume 0 - Table of Contents
Dana Anderson (ed), American Institute of Physics (1988)
i Title Pages
v Introduction
vii Table of Contents
0001 Connectivity Versus Entropy
Yaser S. Abu-Mostafa
0009 Stochastic Learning Networks and their Electronic Implementation
Joshua Alspector, Robert B. Allen, Victor Hu, and Srinagesh Satyanarayana
0022 Learning on a General Network
Amir F. Atiya
0031 An Artificial Neural Network for Spatio-Temporal Bipolar Patterns: Application to Phoneme Classification
Les E. Atlas, Toshiteru Homma, and Robert J. Marks II
0041 On Properties of Networks of Neuron-Like Elements
Pierre Baldi and Santosh S. Venkatesh
0052 Supervised Learning of Probability Distributions by Neural Networks
Eric B. Baum and Frank Wilczek
0062 Centric Models of the Orientation Map in Primary Visual Cortex
William Baxter and Bruce Dow
0072 Analysis and Comparison of Different Learning Algorithms for Pattern Association Problems
J. Bernasconi
0082 Simulations Suggest Information Processing Roles for the Diverse Currents in Hippocampal Neurons
Lyle J. Borg-Graham
0095 Optimal Neural Spike Classification
James M. Bower and Amir F. Atiya
0103 Neural Networks for Template Matching: Application to Real-Time Classification of the Action Potentials of Real Neurons
James M. Bower, Yiu-fai Wong, and Jashojiban Banik
0114 A Computer Simulation of Olfactory Cortex with Functional Implications for Storage and Retrieval of Olfactory Information
James M. Bower and Matthew A. Wilson
0127 Neural Network Implementation Approaches for the Connection Machine
Nathan H. Brown, Jr.
0137 On the Power of Neural Networks for Solving Hard Problems
Jehoshua Bruck and Joseph W. Goodman
0144 Speech Recognition Experiments with Perceptrons
David J. Burr
0154 Presynaptic Neural Information Processing
L. Richard Carley
0164 Mathematical Analysis of Learning Behavior of Neuronal Models
John Y. Cheung and Massoud Omidvar
0174 A Neural Network Classifier Based on Coding Theory
Tzi-Dar Chiueh and Rodney Goodman
0184 The Capacity of the Kanerva Associative Memory is Exponential
P. A. Chou
0192 Phase Transitions in Neural Networks
Joshua Chover
0201 New Hardware for Massive Neural Networks
D. D. Coon and A. G. U. Perera
0211 High Density Associative Memories
Amir Dembo and Ofer Zeitouni
0219 Network Generality, Training Required, and Precision Required
John S. Denker and Ben S. Wittner
0223 'Ensemble' Boltzmann Units have Collective Computational Properties like those of Hopfield and Tank Neurons
Mark Derthick and Joe Tebelskis
0233 High Order Neural Networks for Efficient Associative Memory Design
G. Dreyfus, I. Guyon, J. P. Nadal, and L. Personnaz
0242 The Sigmoid Nonlinearity in Prepyriform Cortex
Frank H. Eeckman
0249 Hierarchical Learning Control--An Approach with Neuron-Like Associative Memories
E. Ersu and H. Tolle
0262 On Tropistic Processing and Its Applications
Manuel F. Fernández
0270 Correlational Strength and Computational Algebra of Synaptic Connections Between Neurons
Eberhard E. Fetz
0278 The Hopfield Model with Multi-Level Neurons
Michael Fleisher
0290 Cycles: A Simulation Tool for Studying Cyclic Neural Networks
MichaelT. Gately
0297 Temporal Patterns of Activity in Neural Networks
Paolo Gaudiano
0301 Encoding Geometric Invariances in Higher-Order Neural Networks
C. Lee Giles, R. D. Griffin, and T. Maxwell
0310 Probabilistic Characterization of Neural Model Computations
Richard M. Golden
0317 Partitioning of Sensory Data by a Cortical Network
Richard Granger, Jose Ambros-Ingerson, Howard Henry, and Gary Lynch
0338 The Connectivity Analysis of Simple Association
Dan Hammerstrom
0348 Minkowski-r Back-Propagation: Learning in Connectionist Models with Non-Euclidian Error Signals
Stephen J. Hanson and David J. Burr
0358 Learning Representations by Recirculation
Geoffrey E. Hinton and James L. McClelland
0367 Schema for Motor Control Utilizing a Network Model of the Cerebellum
James C. Houk
0377 Experimental Demonstrations of Optical Neural Computers
Ken Hsu, David Brady, and Demetri Psaltis
0387 Neural Net and Traditional Classifiers
William Y. Huang and Richard P. Lippmann
0397 An Optimization Network for Matrix Inversion
Ju-Seog Jang, Soo-Young Lee, and Sang-Yung Shin
0402 How the Catfish Tracks Its Prey: An Interactive 'Pipelined' Processing System May Direct Foraging via Reticulospinal Neurons
Jagmeet S. Kanwal
0412 Capacity for Patterns and Sequences in Kanerva's SDM as Compared to Other Associative Memory Models
James D. Keeler
0422 Computing Motion Using Resistive Networks
Christof Koch, Jin Luo, Carver Mead, and James Hutchinson
0432 Performance Measures for Associative Memories that Learn and Forget
Anthony Kuh
0442 How Neural Nets Work
Alan Lapedes and Robert Farber
0457 Distributed Neural Information Processing in the Vestibulo-Ocular System
Clifford Lau and Vicente Honrubia
0467 Spontaneous and Information-Triggered Segments of Series of Human Brain Electric Field Maps
Dietrich Lehmann, D. Brandeis, A. Horst, H. Ozaki, and I. Pal
0474 Optimization with Artificial Neural Network Systems: A Mapping Principle and a Comparison to Gradient Based Methods
Harrison MonFook Leong
0485 Towards an Organizing Principle for a Layered Perceptual Network
Ralph Linsker
0495 Reflexive Associative Memories
Hendricus G. Loos
0505 Connecting to the Past
Bruce MacDonald
0515 Microelectronic Implementations of Connectionist Neural Networks
Stuart Mackie, Hans P. Graf, Daniel B. Schwartz, and John S. Denker
0524 Basins of Attraction for Electronic Neural Networks
Charles M. Marcus and R. M. Westervelt
0534 The Performance of Convex Set Projection Based Neural Networks
Robert J. Marks II, Les E. Atlas, Seho Oh, and James A. Ritcey
0544 MURPHY: A Robot that Learns by Doing
Bartlett W. Mel
0554 Stability Results for Neural Networks
A. N. Michel, J. A. Farrell, and W. Porod
0564 Programmable Synaptic Chip for Electronic Neural Networks
Alexander Moopenn, H. Langenbacher, A. P. Thakoor, and S. K. Khanna
0573 Bit-Serial Neural Networks
Alan F. Murray, Anthony V. W. Smith, and Zoe F. Butler
0584 Phasor Neural Networks
Andre J. Noest
0592 A Trellis-Structured Neural Network
Thomas Petsche and Bradley W. Dickinson
0602 Generalization of Back propagation to Recurrent and Higher Order Neural Networks
Fernando J. Pineda
0612 Constrained Differential Optimization
John C. Platt and Alan H. Barr
0622 Learning a Color Algorithm from Examples
Tomaso A. Poggio and Anya C. Huribert
0632 Static and Dynamic Error Propagation Networks with Application to Speech Coding
A. J. Robinson and F. Failside
0642 Learning by State Recurrence Detection
Bruce E. Rosen, James M. Goodwin, and Jacques J. Vidal
0652 Scaling Properties of Coarse-Coded Symbol Memories
Ronald Rosenfeld and David S. Touretzky
0662 An Adaptive and Heterodyne Filtering Procedure for the Imaging of Moving Objects
F. H. Schuling, H. A. K. Mastebroek, and W. H. Zaagman
0674 Pattern Class Degeneracy in an Unrestricted Storage Density Memory
Christopher L. Scofield, Douglas L. Reilly, Charles Elbaum, and Leon N. Cooper
0683 A Mean Field Theory of Layer IV of Visual Cortex and Its Application to Artificial Neural Networks
Christopher L. Scofield
0693 Teaching Artificial Neural Systems to Drive: Manual Training Techniques for Autonomous Systems
J. F. Shepanski and S. A. Macy
0701 Discovering Structure from Motion in Monkey, Man and Machine
Ralph M. Siegel
0709 Time-Sequential Self-Organization of Hierarchical Neural Networks
Ronald H. Silverman and Andrew S. Noetzel
0715 A Computer Simulation of Cerebral Neocortex: Computational Capabilities of Nonlinear Neural Networks
Alexander Singer and John P. Donoghue
0730 Analysis of Distributed Representation of Constituent Structure in Connectionist Systems
Paul Smolensky
0740 Spatial Organization of Neural Networks: A Probabilistic Modeling Approach
Andreas Stafylopatis, M. Dikaiakos, and D. Kontoravdis
0750 A Dynamical Approach to Temporal Pattern Processing
W. Scott Stornetta, Tad Hogg, and Bernardo A. Huberman
0760 A Novel Net that Learns Sequential Decision Process
G. Z. Sun, Y. C. Lee, and H. H. Chen
0767 Self-Organization of Associative Database and Its Applications
Hisashi Suzuji and Suguru Arimoto
0775 A Neural-Network Solution to the Concentrator Assignment Problem
Gene A. Tagliarini and Edward W. Page
0783 Using Neural Networks to Improve Cochlear Implant Speech Perception
Manoel F. Tenorio
0794 A 'Neural' Network that Learns to Play Backgammon
Gerald Tesauro and T. J. Sejnowski
0804 Introduction to a System for Implementing Neural Net Connections on SIMD Architectures
Sherryl Tomboulian
0814 Neuromorphic Networks Based on Sparse Optical Orthogonal Codes
Mario P. Vecchi and Jawad A. Salehi
0824 Synchronization in Neural Nets
Jacques J. Vidal and John Haggerty
0830 Invariant Object Recognition Using a Distributed Associative Memory
Harry Wechsler and George Lee Zimmerman
0840 Learning in Networks of Nondeterministic Adaptive Logic Elements
Richard C. Windecker
0850 Strategies for Teaching Layered Networks Classification Tasks
Ben S. Wittner and John S. Denker
0860 A Method for the Design of Stable Lateral Inhibition Networks that is Robust in the Presence of Circuit Parasitics
John L. Wyatt, Jr. and D. L. Standley
0869 Author Index

NIPS'1988 Volume 1 : Table of Contents
David Touretzky (ed), Morgan-Kaufmann (1989)
i Preface
iii Table of Contents

PART I: LEARNING AND GENERALIZATION

0002 Constraints on Adaptive Networks for Modeling Human Generalization
Mark A. Gluck, M. Pavel and Van Henkle
0011 An Optimality Principle for Unsupervised Learning
Terence D. Sanger
0020 Associative Learning via Inhibitory Search
David H. Ackley
0029 Fast Learning in Multi-Resolution Hierarchies
John Moody
0040 Efficient Parallel Learning Algorithms for Neural Networks
Alan H. Kramer and A. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli
0049 Mapping Classifier Systems Into Neural Networks
Lawrence Davis
0057 Self Organizing Neural Networks for the Identification Problem
Manoel Fernando Tenorio and Wei-Tsih Lee
0065 Linear Learning: Landscapes and Algorithms
Pierre Baldi
0073 Learning by Choice of Internal Representations
Tal Grossman, Ronny Meir and Eytan Domany
0081 What Size Net Gives Valid Generalization?
Eric B. Baum and David Haussler
0091 Optimization by Mean Field Annealing
GriffBilbro, Reinhold Mann, Thomas K Miller, Wesley E. Snyder, David E. Van den Bout and Mark Whita
0099 Connectionist Learning of Expert Preferences by Comparison Training
Gerald Tesauro
0107 Skeletonization: A Technique for Trimming the Fat from a Network via Relevance Assessment
Michael C. Mozer and Paul Smolensky
0116 The Boltzmann Perceptron Network: A Multi-Layered Feed-Forward Network Equivalent to the Boltzmann Machine
Eyal Yair and Allen Gersho
0124 Adaptive Neural Net Preprocessing for Signal Detection in Non-Gaussian Noise
Richard P. Lippmann and Paul Beckman
0133 Training Multilayer Perceptrons with the Extended Kalman Algorithm
Sizarad Singhal and Lance Wu
0141 GEMINI: Gradient Estimation Through Matrix Inversion After Noise Injection
Yann Le Cun, Conrad C. Galland and Geoffrey E. Hinton
0149 Fixed Point Analysis for Recurrent Networks
Patrice Y. Simard, Mary B. Ottaway and Dana H. Ballard
0160 Scaling and Generalization in Neural Networks: A Case Study
Subutai Ahmad and Gerald Tesauro
0169 Does the Neuron "Learn" Like the Synapse?
Raoul Tawel
0177 Comparing Biases for Minimal Network Construction with Back-Propagation
Stephen Jose Hanson and Lorien Y. Pratt
0186 An Application of the Principle of Maximum Information Preservation to Linear Systems
Ralph Linsker

PART II: APPLICATION

0195 Learning with Temporal Derivatives in Pulse-Coded Neuronal Systems
David B. Parker, Mark Gluck and Eric S. Reifsnider
0206 Applications of Error Back-Propagation to Phonetic Classification
Hong C. Leung and Victor W. Zue
0215 Consonant Recognition by Modular Construction of Large Phonemic Time-Delay Neural Networks
Alex Waibel
0224 Use of Multi-Layered Networks for Coding Speech with Phonetic Features
Yoshua Bengio, Regis Cardin, Renato De Mori and Piero Cosi
0232 Speech Production Using A Neural Network with a Cooperative Learning Mechanism
Mitsuo Komura and Akio Tanaka
0240 Temporal Representations in a Connectionist Speech System
Erich J. Smythe
0248 A Connectionist Expert System that Actually Works
Richard Fozzard, Gary Bradshaw and Louis Ceci
0256 An Information Theoretic Approach to Rule-Based Connectionist Expert Systems
Rodney M. Goodman, John W. Miller and Padhraic Smyth
0264 Neural Approach for TV Image Compression Using a Hopfleld Type Network
Martine Naillon and Jean-Bernard Theeten
0272 Neural Net Receivers in Multiple-Access Communications
Bernd-Peter Paris, Geoffrey Orsak, Mahesh Varanasi and Behnaam Aazhang
0281 Performance of Synthetic Neural Network Classification of Noisy Radar Signals
S. C. Ahalt, F. D. Garber, I. Jouny and A. K. Krishnamurthy
0289 Neural Analog Diffusion-Enhancement Layer and Spatio-Temporal Grouping in Early Vision
Allen M. Waxman, Michael Seibert, Robert Cunningham and Jian Wu
0297 A Network for Image Segmentation Using Color
Anya Hurlbert and Tomaso Poggio
0305 ALVINN: An Autonomous Land Vehicle in a Neural Network
Dean A. Pomerleau
0314 Neural Network Star Pattern Recognition for Spacecraft Attitude Determination and Control
Phillip Alvelda, A. Miguel San Martin
0323 Neural Network Recognizer for Hand-Written Zip Code Digits
J. S. Denker, W. R. Gardner, H. P. Graf, D. Henderson, R. E. Howard, W. Hubbard, L. D. Jackel, H. S. Baird and I. Guyon
0332 Neural Networks that Learn to Discriminate Similar Kanji Characters
Yoshihiro Mori and Kazuhiko Yokosawa
0340 Backpropagation and Its Application to Handwritten Signature Verification
Timothy S. Wilkinson, Dorothy A. Mighell and Joseph W. Goodman
0348 Further Explorations in Visually-Guided Reaching: Making MURPHY Smarter
Bartlett W. Mel

PART III: NEUROBIOLOGY

0356 Using Backpropagation with Temporal Windows to Learn the Dynamics of the CMU Direct-Drive Arm II
K. Y. Goldberg and B. A. Pearlmutter
0366 Neuronal Maps for Sensory-Motor Control in the Barn Owl
C. D. Spence, J. C. Pearson, J. J. Gelfand, R. M. Peterson and W. E. Sullivan
0375 Models of Ocular Dominance Column Formation: Analytical and Computational Results
Kenneth D. Miller, Joseph B. Keller and Michael P. Stryker
0384 Modeling Small Oscillating Biological Networks in Analog VLSI
Sylvie Ryckebusch, James M. Bower, and Carver Mead
0394 Storing Covariance by the Associative Long-Term Potentiation and Depression of Synaptic Strengths in the Hippocampus
Patric K Stanton and Terrence J. Sejnowski
0402 Modeling the Olfactory Bulb-Coupled Nonlinear Oscillators
Zhaoping Li and J. J. Hopfield
0410 Neural Control of Sensory Acquisition: The Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex
Michael G. Paulin, Mark E. Nelson and James M. Bower
0419 Computer Modeling of Associative Learning
Daniel L. Alkon, Francis Quek and Thomas P. Vogl
0436 Simulation and Measurement of the Electric Fields Generated by Weakly Electric Fish
Brian Rasnow, Christopher Assad, Mark E. Nelson and James M. Bower
0444 A Model for Resolution Enhancement (Hyperacuity) in Sensory Representation
Jun Zhang and John P. Miller
0451 Theory of Self-Organization of Cortical Maps
Shigeru Tanaka
0459 A Bifurcation Theory Approach to the Programming of Periodic Attractors in Network Models of Olfactory Cortex
Bill Baird
0468 Learning the Solution to the Aperture Problem for Pattern Motion with a Hebb Rule
Martin L Sereno
0477 A Computationally Robust Anatomical Model for Retinal Directional Selectivity
Norberto M. Grzywacz and Franklin R. Amthor

PART IV: STRUCTURED NETWORKS

0485 GENESIS: A System for Simulating Neural Networks
Matthew A Wilson, Upinder S. Bhalla, John D. Uhley and James M. Bower
0494 Training a 3-Node Neural Network is NP-Complete
Avrim Blum and Ronald L. Rivest
0502 Links Between Markov Models and Multilayer Perceptrons
H. Bourlard and C. J. Wellekens
0511 Convergence and Pattern-Stabilization in the Boltzmann Machine
Moshe Kam and Roger Cheng
0519 A Back-Propagation Algorithm with Optimal Use of Hidden Units
Yves Chauvin
0527 Implications of Recursive Distributed Representations
Jordan B. Pollack
0537 A Massively Parallel Self-Tuning Context-Free Parser
Eugene Santos Jr
0545 Dynamic, Non-Local Role Bindings and Inferencing in a Localist Network for Natural Language Understanding
Trent E. Lange and Michael G. Dyer
0553 Spreading Activation over Distributed Microfeatures
James Hendler
0560 A Model of Neural Oscillator for a Unified Submodule
A. B. Kirillov, G. N. Borisyuk, R. M. Borisyuk, Ye. I. Kovalenko, V. I. Makarenko, V. A. Chulaevsky and V. I. Kryukov
0568 Dynamics of Analog Neural Networks with Time Delay
C. M. Marcus and R. M. Westervelt
0577 Heterogeneous Neural Networks for Adaptive Behavior in Dynamic Environments
Randall D. Beer, Hillel J. Chiel and Leon S. Sterling
0586 Statistical Prediction with Kanerva's Sparse Distributed Memory
David Rogers
0594 Range Image Restoration Using Mean Field Annealing
Gniff L. Bilbro and Wesley E. Snyder
0602 Automatic Local Annealing
Jared Leinbach
0610 "Neurolocator", A Model of Attention
V. I. Kryukov
0618 Neural Networks for Model Matching and Perceptual Organization
Eric Mjolsness, Gene Gindi and P. Anandan
0626 Analyzing the Energy Landscapes of Distributed Winner-Take-All Networks
David S. Touretzky
0634 On the K-Winners-Take-All Network
E. Majani, R. Erlanson and Y. Abu-Mostafa
0643 Learning Sequential Structure in Simple Recurrent Networks
David Servan-Schreiber, Axel Cleeremans and James L. McClelland

PART V: IMPLEMENTATION

0653 An Adaptive Network That Learns Sequences of Transitions
C. L. Winter
0662 A Passive Shared Element Analog Electrical Cochlea
David Feld, Joe Eisenberg and Edwin Lewis
0671 Programmable Analog Pulse-Firing Neural Networks
Alister Hamilton, Alan F. Murray and Lionel Tarassenko
0678 A Low-Power CMOS Circuit Which Emulates Temporal Electrical Properties of Neurons
Jack L. Meador and Clint S. Cole
0687 An Analog VLSI Chip for Thin-Plate Surface Interpolation
John G. Harris
0695 Analog Implementation of Shunting Neural Networks
Bahram Nabet, Robert B. Darling and Robert B. Pinter
0703 Winner-Take-All Networks of O(N) Complexity
J. Lazzaro, S. Ryckebusch, M. A Mahowald and C. A. Mead
0712 A Programmable Analog Neural Computer and Simulator
Paul Mueller, Jan Van den Spiegel, David Blackman, Timothy Chiu, Thomas Clare, Joseph Dao, Christopher Donham, Tzu-pu Hsieh and Marc Loinaz
0720 An Electronic Photoreceptor Sensitive to Small Changes in Intensity
T. Delbruck and C. A. Mead
0728 Digital Realisation of Self-Organising Maps
Martin J. Johnson, Nigel M. Allinson and Kevin J. Moon
0739 An Analog Self-Organizing Neural Network Chip
James R. Mann and Sheldon Gilbert
0748 Performance of a Stochastic Learning Microchip
Joshua Alspector, Bhusan Gupta and Robert B. Allen
0761 Adaptive Neural Networks Using MOS Charge Storage
D. B. Schwartz, R. E. Howard and W. E. Hubbard
0769 A Self-Learning Neural Network
A Hartstein and R. H. Koch
0777 Training a Limited-Interconnect, Synthetic Neural IC
M. R. Walker, S. Haghighi, A Afghan and L. A Akers

APPENDIX: SUMMARIES OF INVITED TALKS

0785 Electronic Receptors for Tactile/Haptic Sensing
Andreas G. Andreou
0794 Neural Architecture
Valentino Braitenbeng
0795 Song Learning in Birds
M. Konishi
0796 Speech Recognition: Statistical and Neural Information Processing Approaches
John S. Bridle
0802 Cricket Wind Detection
John P. Miller
0809 Author Index
0813 Subject Index

NIPS'1989 Volume 2 : Table of Contents
David Touretzky (ed), Morgan-Kaufmann (1990)
i Title Pages
v Table of Contents
xiii Preface

PART I: NEUROSCIENCE

0002 Acoustic-Imaging Computations by Echolocating Bats: Unification of Diversely-Represented Stimulus Features into Whole Images
James A. Simmons (Invited Talk)
0010 The Computation of Sound Source Elevation in the Barn Owl
Clay D. Spence and John C. Pearson
0018 Mechanisms for Neuromodulation of Biological Neural Networks
Ronald M. Harris-Warrick
0028 Neural Network Analysis of Distributed Representations of Dynamical Sensory-Motor Transformations in the Leech
Shawn R. Lockery, Yan Fang and Terrence J. Sejnowski
0036 Reading a Neural Code
William Bialek, Fred Rieke, R. R. de Ruyter van Steveninck and David Warland
0044 Neural Implementation of Motivated Behavior: Feeding in an Artificial Insect
Randall D. Beer and Hillel J. Chiel
0052 Neural Network Simulation of Somatosensory Representational Plasticity
Kamil A. Grajski and Michael M. Merzenich
0060 Computational Efficiency: A Common Organizing Principle for Parallel Computer Maps and Brain Maps?
Mark E. Nelson and James M. Bower
0068 Associative Memory in a Simple Model of Oscillating Cortex
Bill Baird
0076 Collective Oscillations in the Visual Cortex
Daniel Kammen, Christof Koch and Philip J. Holmes
0084 Computer Simulation of Oscillatory Behavior in Cerebral Cortical Networks
Matthew A. Wilson and James M. Bower
0092 Development and Regeneration of Eye-Brain Maps: A Computational Model
J.D. Cowan and A.E. Friedman
0100 The Effect of Catecholamines on Performance: From Unit to System Behavior
David Servan-Schreiber, Harry Printz and Jonathan D. Cohen
0109 Non-Boltzmann Dynamics in Networks of Spiking Neurons
Michael C. Crair and William Bialek
0117 A Computer Modeling Approach to Understanding the Inferior Olive and Its Relationships to the Cerebellar Cortex in Rats
Maurice Lee and James M. Bower
0125 Can Simple Cells Learn Curves? A Hebbian Model in a Structured Environment
William R. Softky and Daniel M. Kammen
0133 Note on Development of Modularity in Simple Cortical Models
Alex Chernjavsky and John Moody
0141 Effects of Firing Synchrony on Signal Propagation in Layered Networks
G.T. Kenyon, E.E. Fetz and R.D. Puff
0149 A Systematic Study of the Input/Output Properties of a 2 Compartment Model Neuron With Active Membranes
Paul Rhodes

PART II: SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING

0160 Analytic Solutions to the Formation of Feature-Analysing Cells of a Three-Layer Feedforward Visual Information Processing Neural Net
D.S. Tang
0168 Practical Characteristics of Neural Network and Conventional Pattern Classifiers on Artificial and Speech Problems
Yuchun Lee and Richard P. Lippmann
0178 Dimensionality Reduction and Prior Knowledge in E-Set Recognition
Kevin J. Lang and Geoffrey E. Hinton
0186 A Continuous Speech Recognition System Embedding MLP into HMM
Herve Bourlard and Nelson Morgan
0194 HMM Speech Recognition with Neural Net Discrimination
William Y. Huang and Richard P. Lippmann
0203 Connectionist Architectures for Multi-Speaker Phoneme Recognition
John B. Hampshire II and Alex Waibel
0211 Training Stochastic Model Recognition Algorithms as Networks can Lead to Maximum Mutual Information Estimation of Parameters
John S. Bridle
0218 Speaker Independent Speech Recognition with Neural Networks and Speech Knowledge
Yoshua Bengio, Renato De Mori and Regis Cardin
0226 The Effects of Circuit Integration on a Feature Map Vector Quantizer
Jim Mann
0232 Combining Visual and Acoustic Speech Signals with a Neural Network Improves Intelligibility
T.J. Sejnowski, B.P. Yuhas, M.H. Goldstein, Jr. and R.E. Jenkins
0240 Using A Translation-Invariant Neural Network to Diagnose Heart Arrhythmia
Susan Ciarrocca Lee

PART III: VISION

0248 A Neural Network for Real-Time Signal Processing
Donald B. Malkoff
0258 Learning Aspect Graph Representations from View Sequences
Michael Seibert and Allen M. Waxman
0266 TRAFFIC: Recognizing Objects Using Hierarchical Reference Frame Transformations
Richard S. Zemel, Michael C. Mozer and Geoffrey E. Hinton
0274 A Self-Organizing Multiple-View Representation of 3D Objects
Daphna Weinshall, Shimon Edelman and Heinrich H. Bulthoff
0282 Contour-Map Encoding of Shape for Early Vision
Pentri Kanerva
0290 Neurally Inspired Plasticity in Oculomotor Processes
PaulA. Viola

PART IV: OPTIMIZATION AND CONTROL

0298 Model Based Image Compression and Adaptive Data Representation by Interacting Filter Banks
Toshiaki Okamoto, Mitsuo Kawato, Toshio Inui and Sei Miyake
0308 Neuronal Group Selection Theory: A Grounding in Robotics
Jim Donnett and Tim Smithers
0316 Using Local Models to Control Movement
Christopher G. Atkeson
0324 Learning to Control an Unstable System with Forward Modeling
Michael I. Jordan and Robert A. Jacobs
0332 A Self-organizing Associative Memory System for Control Applications
Michael Hormel
0340 Operational Fault Tolerance of CMAC Networks
Michael J. Carter, Franklin J. Rudolph and Adam J. Nucci
0348 Neural Network Weight Matrix Synthesis Using Optimal Control Techniques
O. Farotimi, A. Dembo and T. Kailath

PART V: OTHER APPLICATIONS

0355 Generalized Hopfield Networks and Nonlinear Optimization
Gintaras V. Reklaitis, Athanasios G. Tsirukis and Manoel F. Tenorio
0364 Incremental Parsing by Modular Recurrent Connectionist Networks
Ajay N. Jain and Alex H. Waibel
0372 A Computational Basis for Phonology
David S. Touretzky and Deirdre W. Wheeler
0380 Higher Order Recurrent Networks and Grammatical Inference
C.L. Giles, G.Z. Sun, H.H. Chen, Y.C. Lee and D. Chen
0388 Bayesian Inference of Regular Grammar and Markov Source Models
Kurt R. Smith and Michael I. Miller
0396 Handwritten Digit Recognition with a Back-Propagation Network
Y. Le Cun, B. Boser, J.S. Denker, D. Henderson, R.E. Howard, W. Hubbard and L.D. Jackel
0405 Recognizing Hand-Printed Letters and Digits
Gale L. Martin and James A. Pittman
0415 A Large-Scale Neural Network Which Recognizes Handwritten Kanji Characters
Yoshihiro Mori and Kazuki Joe
0423 A Neural Network to Detect Homologies in Proteins
Yoshua Bengio, Samy Bengio, Yannick Pouliot and Patrick Agin
0431 Rule Representations in a Connectionist Chunker
David S. Touretzky and Gillette Elvgren III
0439 Discovering the Structure of a Reactive Environment by Exploration
Michael C. Mozer and Jonathan Bachrach
0447 Designing Application-Specific Neural Networks Using the Genetic Algorithm
Steven A. Harp, Tang Samad and Aloke Guha
0455 Predicting Weather Using a Genetic Memory: A Combination of Kanerva's Sparse Distributed Memory with Holland's Genetic Algorithms
David Rogers

PART VI: NEW LEARNING ALGORITHMS

0465 Neural Network Visualization
Jakub Wejchert and Gerald Tesauro
0474 Sigma-Pi Learning: On Radial Basis Functions and Cortical Associative Learning
Bartlett W. Mel and Christof Koch
0482 Algorithms for Better Representation and Faster Learning in Radial Basis Function Networks
Avijit Saha and James D. Keeler
0490 Learning in Higher-Order 'Artificial Dendritic Trees'
Tony Bell
0498 Adjoint Operator Algorithms for Faster Learning in Dynamical Neural Networks
Jacob Barhen, Nikzad Toomarian and Sandeep Gulati
0509 Discovering High Order Features with Mean Field Modules
Conrad C. Galland and Geoffrey E. Hinton
0516 The CHIR Algorithm for Feed Forward Networks with Binary Weights
Tal Grossman
0524 The Cascade-Correlation Learning Architecture
Scott E. Fahlman and Christian Lebiere
0533 Meiosis Networks
Stephen Jose Hanson
0542 The Cocktail Party Problem: Speech/Data Signal Separation Comparison between Backpropagation and SONN
John Kassebaum, Manoel Fernando Tenorio and Christoph Schaefers
0550 Generalization and Scaling in Reinforcement Learning
David H. Ackley and Michael L. Littman
0558 The 'Moving Targets' Training Algorithm
Richard Rohwer
0566 Training Connectionist Networks with Queries and Selective Sampling
Les Atlas, David Cohn and Richard Ladner
0574 Maximum Likelihood Competitive Learning
Steven J. Nowlan
0583 Unsupervised Learning in Neurodynamics Using the Phase Velocity Field Approach
Michail Zak and Nikzad Toomarian

PART VII: EMPIRICAL ANALYSES

0590 A Method for the Associative Storage of Analog Vectors
Amir Atiya and Yaser Abu-Mostafa
0598 Optimal Brain Damage
Yann Le Cun, John S. Denker and Sara A. Solla
0606 Asymptotic Convergence of Backpropagation: Numerical Experiments
Subutai Ahmad, Gerald Tesauro and Yu He
0614 Comparing the Performance of Connectionist and Statistical Classifiers on an Image Segmentation Problem
Sheri L. Gish and W.E. Blanz
0622 Performance Comparisons Between Backpropagation Networks and Classification Trees on Three Real-World Applications
Les Atlas, Ronald Cole, Jerome Connor, Mohamed El-Sharkawi, Robert J. Marks II, Yeshwant Muthusamy and Etienne Barnard
0630 Generalization and Parameter Estimation in Feedforward Nets: Some Experiments
N. Morgan and H. Bourlard
0638 Subgrouping Reduces Complexity and Speeds Up Learning in Recurrent Networks
David Zipser
0642 Dynamic Behavior of Constrained Back-Propagation Networks
Yves Chauvin

PART VIII: THEORETICAL ANALYSES

0650 Synergy of Clustering Multiple Back Propagation Networks
William P. Lincoln and Josef Skrzypek
0660 Coupled Markov Random Fields and Mean Field Theory
Davi Geiger and Federico Girosi
0668 Complexity of Finite Precision Neural Network Classifier
Amir Dembo, Kai-Yeung Siu and Thomas Kailath
0676 The Perceptron Algorithm Is Fast for Non-Malicious Distributions
Eric B. Baum
0686 Sequential Decision Problems and Neural Networks
A.G. Barto, R.S. Sutton and C.J.C.H. Watkins
0694 Analysis of Linsker's Simulations of Hebbian Rules
David J.C. MacKay and Kenneth D. Miller
0702 Analog Neural Networks of Limited Precision I: Computing with Multilinear Threshold Functions
Zoran Obradovic and Ian Parberry
0710 Time Dependent Adaptive Neural Networks
Fernando J. Pineda
0719 A Neural Network for Feature Extraction
Nathan Intrator
0727 On the Distribution of the Number of Local Minima of a Random Function on a Graph
Pierre Baldi, Yosef Rinott and Charles Stein

PART IX: HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION

0733 A Cost Function for Internal Representations
Anders Krogh, C.J. Thorbergsson and John A. Hertz
0742 An Analog VLSI Model of Adaptation in the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex
Stephen P. DeWeerth and Carver A. Mead
0750 Real-Time Computer Vision and Robotics Using Analog VLSI Circuits
Christof Koch, Wyeth Bair, John G. Harris, Timothy Horiuchi, Andrew Hsu and Jin Luo
0758 A Reconfigurable Analog VLSI Neural Network Chip
Srinagesh Satyanarayana, Yannis Tsividis and Hans Peter Graf
0769 Digital-Analog Hybrid Synapse Chips for Electronic Neural Networks
A. Moopenn, T. Duong and A.P. Thakoor
0777 Analog Circuits for Constrained Optimization
John C. Platt
0785 Pulse-Firing Neural Chips for Hundreds of Neurons
Michael Brownlow, Lionel Tarassenko, Alan F. Murray, Alister Hamilton, Il Song Han and H. Martin Reekie
0793 VLSI Implementation of a High-Capacity Neural Network Associative Memory
Tzi-Dar Chiueh and Rodney M. Goodman
0801 An Efficient Implementation of the Back-propagation Algorithm on the Connection Machine CM-2
Xiru Zhang, Michael Mckenna, Jill P. Mesirov and David L. Waltz
0810 Performance of Connectionist Learning Algorithms on 2-D SIMD Processor Arrays
Fernando J. Nunez and Jose A.B. Fortes

PART X: HISTORY OF NEURAL NETWORKS

0818 Dataflow Architectures: Flexible Platforms for Neural Network Simulation
Ira G. Smotroff
0828 Neural Networks: The Early Days
J.D. Cowan
0843 Subject Index
0851 Index

NIPS'1990 Volume 3 : Table of Contents
Richard Lippmann, John Moody, David Touretzky (eds), Morgan-Kaufmann (1991)
i Title Pages
v Table of Contents
xv Preface

Part I Neurobiology

0003 Studies of a Model for the Development and Regeneration of Eye-Brain Maps
J.D. Cowan and A.E. Friedman
0011 Development and Spatial Structure of Cortical Feature Maps: A Model Study
K. Obermayer, H. Ritter, and K. Schulten
0018 Interaction Among Ocularity, Retinotopy and On-center/Off-center Pathways
Shigeru Tanaka
0026 Simple Spin Models for the Development of Ocular Dominance Columns and Iso-Orientation Patches
J.D. Cowan and A.E. Friedman
0032 A Recurrent Neural Network Model of Velocity Storage in the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex
Thomas J. Anastasio
0039 Self-organization of Hebbian Synapses in Hippocampal Neurons
Thomas H. Brown, Zachary F. Mainen, Anthony M. Zador, and Brenda J. Claiborne

Part II Neuro-Dynamics

0046 Cholinergic Modulation May Enhance Cortical Associative Memory Function
Michael E. Hasselmo, Brooke P. Anderson, and James M. Bower
0055 Order Reduction for Dynamical Systems Describing the Behavior of Complex Neurons
Thomas B. Kepler, L.F. Abbott, and Eve Marder
0062 Stochastic Neurodynamics
J.D. Cowan
0070 Dynamics of Learning in Recurrent Feature-Discovery Networks
Todd K. Leen
0077 A Lagrangian Approach to Fixed Points
Eric Mjolsness and Willard L. Miranker
0084 Associative Memory in a Network of 'Biological' Neurons
Wulfram Gerstner
0091 CAM Storage of Analog Patterns and Continuous Sequences with 3N 2 Weight
Bill Baird and Frank Eeckman
0098 Connection Topology and Dynamics in Lateral Inhibition Networks
C.M. Marcus, F.R. Waugh, and R.M. Westervelt
0105 Shaping the State Space Landscape in Recurrent Networks
Patrice Y. Simard, Jean Pierre Raysz, and Bernard Victorri

Part III Oscillations

0113 Adjoint-Functions and Temporal Learning Algorithms in Neural Networks
N. Toomarian and J. Barhen
0123 Phase-coupling in Two-Dimensional Networks of Interacting Oscillators
Ernst Niebur, Daniel M. Kammen, Christof Koch, Daniel Ruderman, and Heinz G. Schuster
0130 Oscillation Onset in Neural Delayed Feedback
Andre Longtin

Part IV Temporal Reasoning

0137 Analog Computation at a Critical Point
Leonid Kruglyak and William Bialek
0147 Modeling Time Varying Systems Using Hidden Control Neural Architecture
Esther Levin
0155 The Tempo 2 Algorithm: Adjusting Time-Delays By Supervised Learning
Ulrich Bodenhausen and Alex Waibel
0162 A Theory for Neural Networks with Time Delays
Bert de Vries and Jose C. Principe
0169 ART2/BP Architecture for Adaptive Estimation of Dynamic Processes
Einar Sorheim
0176 Statistical Mechanics of Temporal Association in Neural Networks
Andreas V.M. Herz, Zhaoping Li, and J. Leo van Hemmen
0183 Learning Time-varying Concepts
Anthony Kuh, Thomas Petsche, and Ronald L. Rivest

Part V Speech

0190 The Recurrent Cascade-Correlation Architecture
Scott E. Fahlman
0199 Continuous Speech Recognition by Linked Predictive Neural Networks
Joe Tebelskis, Alex Waibel, Bojan Petek, and Otto Schmidbauer
0206 A Recurrent Neural Network for Word Identification from Continuous Phoneme Strings
Robert B. Allen and Candace A. Kamm
0213 Connectionist Approaches to the Use of Markov Models for Speech Recognition
Herve Bourlard, Nelson Morgan, and Chuck Wooters
0220 Spoken Letter Recognition
Mark Fanty and Ronald Cole
0227 Speech Recognition Using Demi-Syllable Neural Prediction Model
Ken-ichi Iso and Takao Watanabe
0234 RecNorm: Simultaneous Normalisation and Classification Applied to Speech Recognition
John S. Bridle and Stephen J. Cox
0241 Exploratory Feature Extraction in Speech Signals
Nathan Intrator
0248 Phonetic Classification and Recognition Using the Multi-Layer Perceptron
Hong C. Leung, James R. Glass, Michael S. Phillips, and Victor W. Zue
0255 From Speech Recognition to Spoken Language Understanding
Victor Zue, James Glass, David Goodine, Lynette Hirschman, Hong Leung, Michael Phillips, Joseph Polifroni, and Stephanie Seneff

Part VI Signal Processing

0262 Speech Recognition using Connectionist Approaches
Khalid Choukri
0273 Natural Dolphin Echo Recognition Using an Integrator Gateway Network
Herbert L. Roitblat, Patrick W.B. Moore, Paul E. Nachtigall, and Ralph H. Penner
0282 Signal Processing by Multiplexing and Demultiplexing in Neurons
David C. Tam

Part VII Visual Processing

0289 Applications of Neural Networks in Video Signal Processing
John C. Pearson, Clay D. Spence, and Ronald Sverdlove
0299 Discovering Viewpoint-Invariant Relationships That Characterize Objects
Richard S. Zemel and Geoffrey E. Hinton
0306 A Neural Network Approach for Three-Dimensional Object Recognition
Volker Tresp
0313 A Second-Order Translation, Rotation and Scale Invariant Neural Network
Shelly D.D. Goggin, Kristina M. Johnson, and Karl E. Gustafson
0320 Learning to See Rotation and Dilation with a Hebb Rule
Martin I. Sereno and Margaret E. Sereno
0327 Stereopsis by a Neural Network Which Learns the Constraints
Alireza Khotanzad and Ying-Wung Lee
0335 Grouping Contours by Iterated Pairing Network
Amnon Shashua and Shimon Uliman
0342 Neural Dynamics of Motion Segmentation and Grouping
Ennio Mingolla
0349 A Multiscale Adaptive Network Model of Motion Computation in Primates
H. Taichi Wang, Bimal Mathur, and Christof Koch
0356 Qualitative Structure From Motion
Daphna Weinshall
0363 Optimal Sampling of Natural Images
William Bialek, Daniel L. Ruderman, and A. Zee
0370 A VLSI Neural Network for Color Constancy
Andrew Moore, John Allman, Geoffrey Fox, and Rodney Goodman
0377 Optimal Filtering in the Salamander Retina
Fred Rieke, W. Geoffrey Owen, and William Bialek
0384 A Four Neuron Circuit Accounts for Change Sensitive Inhibition in Salamander Retina
Jeffrey L. Teeters, Frank H. Eeckman, and Frank S. Werblin
0391 Feedback Synapse to Cone and Light Adaptation
Josef Skrzypek
0399 An Analog VLSI Chip for Finding Edges from Zero-crossings
Wyeth Bair and Christof Koch

Part VIII Control and Navigation

0406 A Delay-Line Based Motion Detection Chip
Tim Horiuchi, John Lazzaro, Andrew Moore, and Christof Koch
0415 Neural Networks Structured for Control Application to Aircraft Landing
Charles Schley, Yves Chauvin, Van Henkle, and Richard Golden
0422 Real-time Autonomous Robot Navigation Using VLSI Neural Networks
Lionel Tarassenko, Michael Brownlow, Gillian Marshall, Jon Tombs, and Alan Murray
0429 Rapidly Adapting Artificial Neural Networks for Autonomous Navigation
Dean A. Pomerleau
0436 Learning Trajectory and Force Control of an Artificial Muscle Arm
Masazumi Katayama and Mitsuo Kawato
0443 Proximity Effect Corrections in Electron Beam Lithography
Robert C. Frye, Kevin D. Cummings, and Edward A. Reitman
0450 Planning with an Adaptive World Model
Sebastian B. Thrun, Knut Moller, and Alexander Linden
0457 A Connectionist Learning Control Architecture for Navigation
Jonathan R. Bachrach
0464 Navigating Through Temporal Difference
Peter Dayan
0471 Integrated Modeling and Control Based on Reinforcement Learning
Richard S. Sutton
0479 A Reinforcement Learning Variant for Control Scheduling
Aloke Guha
0486 Adaptive Range Coding
Bruce E. Rosen, James M. Goodwin, and Jacques J. Vidal
0493 Neural Network Implementation of Admission Control
Rodolfo A. Milito, Isabelle Guyon, and Sara A. Solla
0500 Reinforcement Learning in Markovian and Non-Markovian Environments
Jurgen Schmidhuber
0507 A Model of Distributed Sensorimotor Control in The Cockroach Escape Turn
R.D. Beer, G.J. Kacmarcik, R.E. Ritzmann, and H.J. Chiel

Part IX Applications

0514 Flight Control in the Dragonfly: A Neurobiological Simulation
William E. Falter and Marvin W. Luttges
0523 A Novel Approach to Prediction of the 3-Dimensional Structures
Henrik Fredholm, Henrik Bohr, Jakob Bohr, Soren Brunak, Rodney M.J. Cotterill, Benny Lautrup, and Steffen B. Petersen
0530 Training Knowledge-Based Neural Networks to Recognize Genes
Michiel O. Noordewier, Geoffrey G. Towell, and Jude W. Shavlik
0537 Neural Network Application to Diagnostics
Kenneth A. Marko
0544 Lg Depth Estimation and Ripple Fire Characterization
John L. Perry and Douglas R. Baumgardt
0551 A B-P ANN Commodity Trader
Joseph E. Collard
0557 Integrated Segmentation and Recognition of Hand-Printed Numerals
James D. Keeler, David E. Rumelhart, and Wee-Kheng Leow
0564 EMPATH: Face, Emotion, and Gender Recognition Using Holons
Garrison W. Cottrell and Janet Metcalfe
0572 SEXNET: A Neural Network Identifies Sex From Human Faces
B.A. Golomb, D.T. Lawrence, and T.J. Sejnowski
0578 A Neural Expert System with Automated Extraction of Fuzzy If-Then Rules
Yoichi Hayashi

Part X Language and Cognition

0585 Analog Neural Networks as Decoders
Ruth Erlanson and Yaser Abu-Mostafa
0591 Distributed Recursive Structure Processing
Geraldine Legendre, Yoshiro Miyata, and Paul Smolensky
0598 Translating Locative Prepositions
Paul W. Munro and Mary Tabasko
0605 A Short-Term Memory Architecture for the Learning of Morphophonemic Rules
Michael Gasser and Chan-Do Lee
0612 Exploiting Syllable Structure in a Connectionist Phonology Model
David S. Touretzky and Deirdre W. Wheeler
0619 Language Induction by Phase Transition in Dynamical Recognizers
Jordan B. Pollack
0627 Discovering Discrete Distributed Representations
Michael C. Mozer
0635 Direct Memory Access Using Two Cues
Janet Wiles, Michael S. Humphreys, John D. Bain, and Simon Dennis
0642 An Attractor Neural Network Model of Recall and Recognition
Eytan Ruppin and Yechezkel Yeshurun
0649 ALCOVE: A Connectionist Model of Human Category Learning
John K. Kruschke
0656 Spherical Units as Dynamic Consequential Regions
Stephen Jose Hanson and Mark A. Gluck

Part XI Local Basis Functions

0665 Connectionist Implementation of a Theory of Generalization
Roger N. Shepard and Sheila Kannappan
0675 Adaptive Spline Networks
Jerome H. Friedman
0684 Multi-Layer Perceptrons with B-Spline Receptive Field Functions
Stephen H. Lane, Marshall G. Flax, David A. Handelman, and Jack J. Gelfand
0693 Bumptrees for Efficient Function, Constraint, and Classification Learning
Stephen M. Omohundro
0700 Basis-Function Trees as a Generalization of Local Variable Selection Methods
Terence D. Sanger
0707 Generalization Properties of Radial Basis Functions
Sherif M. Botros and Christopher G. Atkeson
0714 Learning by Combining Memorization and Gradient Descent
John C. Platt
0721 Sequential Adaptation of Radial Basis Function Neural Networks
V. Kadirkamanathan, M. Niranjan, and F. Fallside
0728 Oriented Non-Radial Basis Functions for Image Coding and Analysis
Avijit Saha, Jim Christian, D.S. Tang, and Chuan-Lin Wu
0735 Computing with Arrays of Bell-Shaped and Sigmoid Functions
Pierre Baldi
0743 Discrete Affine Wavelet Transforms
Y.C. Pati and P.S. Krishnaprasad
0750 Extensions of a Theory of Networks for Approximation and Learning
Federico Girosi, Tomaso Poggio, and Bruno Caprile

Part XII Learning Systems

0757 How Receptive Field Parameters Affect Neural Learning
Bartlett W. Mel and Stephen M. Omohundro
0767 A Competitive Modular Connectionist Architecture
Robert A. Jacobs and Michael I. Jordan
0774 Evaluation of Adaptive Mixtures of Competing Experts
Steven J. Nowlan and Geoffrey E. Hinton
0781 A Framework for the Cooperation of Learning Algorithms
Leon Bottou and Patrick Gallinari
0789 Connectionist Music Composition Based on Melodic and Stylistic Constraints
Michael C. Mozer and Todd Soukup
0797 Using Genetic Algorithms to Improve Pattern Classification Performance
Eric I. Chang and Richard P. Lippmann
0804 Evolution and Learning in Neural Networks
Ron Keesing and David G. Stork
0811 Designing Linear Threshold Based Neural Network Pattern Classifiers
Terrence L. Fine
0818 On Stochastic Complexity and Admissible Models for Neural Network Classifiers
Padhraic Smyth
0825 Efficient Design of Boltzmann Machines
Ajay Gupta and Wolfgang Maass
0832 Note on Learning Rate Schedules for Stochastic Optimization
Christian Darken and John Moody
0839 Convergence of a Neural Network Classifier
John S. Baras and Anthony LaVigna
0846 Learning Theory and Experiments with Competitive Networks
Griff L. Bilbro and David E. Van den Bout
0853 Transforming Neural-Net Output Levels to Probability Distributions
John S. Denker and Yann leCun
0860 Back Propagation is Sensitive to Initial Conditions
John F. Kolen and Jordan B. Pollack

Part XIII Learning and Generalization

0868 Closed-Form Inversion of Backpropagation Networks
Michael L. Rossen
0875 Generalization by Weight-Elimination with Application to Forecasting
Andreas S. Weigend, David E. Rumelhart, and Bernardo A. Huberman
0883 The Devil and the Network
Sanjay Biswas and Santosh S. Venkatesh
0890 Generalization Dynamics in LMS Trained Linear Networks
Yves Chauvin
0897 Dynamics of Generalization in Linear Perceptrons
Anders Krogh and John A. Hertz
0904 Constructing Hidden Units Using Examples and Queries
Eric B. Baum and Kevin J. Lang
0911 Can Neural Networks do Better Than the Vapnik-Chervonenkis Bounds?
David Cohn and Gerald Tesauro
0918 Second Order Properties of Error Surfaces
Yann Le Cun, Ido Kanter, and Sara A. Solla
0925 Chaitin-Kolmogorov Complexity and Generalization in Neural Networks
Barak A. Pearlmutter and Ronald Rosenfeld
0932 Asymptotic Slowing Down of the Nearest-Neighbor Classifier
Robert R. Snapp, Demetri Psaltis, and Santosh S. Venkatesh
0939 Remarks on Interpolation and Recognition Using Neural Nets
Eduardo D. Sontag
0946 E-Entropy and the Complexity of Feedforward Neural Networks
Robert C. Williamson

Part XIV Performance Comparisons

0953 On The Circuit Complexity of Neural Networks
V.P. Roychowdhury, A. Orlitsky, K.Y. Siu, and T. Kailath
0963 Comparison of Three Classification Techniques, CART, C4.5 and Multi-Layer Perceptrons
A.C. Tsoi and R.A. Pearson
0970 Practical Characteristics of Neural Network and Conventional Pattern Classifiers
Kenney Ng and Richard P. Lippmann
0977 Time Trials on Second-Order and Variable-Learning-Rate Algorithms
Richard Rohwer

Part XV VLSI

0984 Kohonen Networks and Clustering
Wesley Snyder, Daniel Nissman, David Van den Bout, and Griff Bilbro
0993 VLSI Implementations of Learning and Memory Systems
Mark A. Holler
1001 Compact EEPROM-based Weight Functions
A. Kramer, C.K. Sin, R. Chu, and P.K. Ko
1008 An Analog VLSI Splining Network
Daniel B. Schwartz and Vijay K. Samalam
1015 Relaxation Networks for Large Supervised Learning Problems
Joshua Alspector, Robert B. Allen, Anthony Jayakumar, Torsten Zeppenfeld, and Ronny Meir
1022 Design and Implementation of a High Speed CMAC Neural Network
W. Thomas Miller, III, Brian A. Box, Erich C. Whitney, and James M. Glynn
1028 Back Propagation Implementation
Hal McCartor
1032 Reconfigurable Neural Net Chip with 32K Connections
H.P. Graf, R. Janow, D. Henderson, and R. Lee
1039 Simulation of the Neocognitron on a CCD Parallel Processing Architecture
Michael L. Chuang and Alice M. Chiang
1046 VLSI Implementation of TInMANN
Matt Melton, Tan Phan, Doug Reeves, and Dave Van den Bout
1053 Index
1061 Author Index

NIPS'1991 Volume 4 : Table of Contents
John Moody, Steven Hanson, Richard Lippmann (eds), Morgan-Kaufmann (1992)
i Title Pages
v Table of Contents
xv Preface

Part I NEUROBIOLOGY

0003 Models Wanted: Must Fit Dimensions of Sleep and Dreaming
J. Allan Hobson, Adam N. Mamelak, and Jeffrey P. Sutton
0011 Stationarity of Synaptic Coupling Strength Between Neurons with Nonstationary Discharge Properties
Mark Sydorenko and Eric D. Young
0019 Perturbing Hebbian Rules
Peter Dayan and Geoffrey Goodhill
0027 Statistical Reliability of a Blowfly Movement-Sensitive Neuron
Rob de Ruyter van Steveninck and William Bialek
0035 The Clusteron: Toward a Simple Abstraction for a Complex Neuron
Bartlett W. Mel
0043 Network activity determines spatio-temporal integration in single cells
Ojvind Bernander, Christof Koch, and Rodneyl Douglas
0051 Nonlinear Pattern Separation in Single Hippocampal Neurons with Active Dendritic Membrane
Anthony M. Zador, Brendaf Clai borne, and Thomas H. Brown
0059 Self-organisation in real neurons: Anti-Hebb in 'Channel Space'?
Anthony J. Bell
0067 Single Neuron Model: Response to Weak Modulation in the Presence of Noise
A.R. Bulsara, E.W. Jacobs, and F. Moss
0075 Dual Inhibitory Mechanisms for Definition of Receptive Field Characteristics in a Cat Striate Cortex
A.B. Bonds
0083 A comparison between a neural netwok model for the formation of brain maps and experimental data
K. Obermszyer, K. Schulten, and G. G. Blasdel

Part II NEURO-DYNAMICS

0091 Retinogeniculate Development: The Role of Competition and Correlated Retinal Activity
Ron Keesing, David G. Stork, and Carla J. Shatz
0101 Locomotion in a Lower Vertebrate: Studies of the Cellular Basis of Rhythmogenesis and Oscillator Coupling
James T. Buchanan
0109 Adaptive Synchronization of Neural and Physical Oscillators
Kenji Doya and Shuji Yoshizawa
0117 Burst Synchronization without Frequency Locking in a Completely Solvable Network Model
Heinz Schuster and Christof Koch

Part III SPEECH

0125 Oscillatory Model of Short Term Memory
David Horn and Marius Usher
0135 Multi-State Time Delay Neural Networks for Continuous Speech Recognition
Patrick Haffner andAlex Waibel
0143 Modeling Applications with the Focused Gamma Net
Jose C. Principe, Bert de Vries, Jyh Ming Kuo, Pedro Guedes de Oliveira
0151 Time-Warping Network: A Hybrid Framework for Speech Recognition
Esther Levin, Roberto Pieraccini, and Enrico Bocchieri
0159 Improved Hidden Markov Model Speech Recognition Using Radial Basis Function Networks
Elliot Singer and Richard P. Lippmann
0167 Connectionist Optimisation of Tied Mixture Hidden Markov Models
Steve Renals, Nelson Morgan, Herve Bourlard, Horacio Franco, and Michael Cohen
0175 Neural Network--Gaussian Mixture Hybrid for Speech Recognition or Density Estimation
Yoshua Bengio, Renato De Mori, Giovanni Flammia, Ralf Kompe
0183 JANUS: Speech-to-Speech Translation Using Connectionist and Non-Connectionist Techniques
Alex Waibel, Ajay N. fain, Arthru McNair, Joe Tebelskis, Louise Osterholtz, Hiroaki Saito, Otto Schmidbauer, Tilo Sloboda, and Monika Woszczyna
0191 Forward Dynamics Modeling of Speech Motor Control Using Physiological Data
Makoto Hirayama, Eric Vatikiotis-Bateson, Mitsuo Kawato, and Michael I. Jordan

Part IV LANGUAGE

0199 English Alphabet Recognition with Telephone Speech
Mark Fanty, Ronald A. Cole, and Krist Roginski
0209 Generalization Performance in PARSEC-A Structured Connectionist Parsing Architecture
Ajay N. fain
0217 Constructing Proofs in Symmetric Networks
Gadi Pinkas
0225 A Connectionist Learning Approach to Analyzing Linguistic Stress
Prahlad Gupta and David S. Thuretzky
0233 Propagation Filters in PDS Networks for Sequencing and Ambiguity Resolution
Ronald A. Sumida and Michael G. Dyer

Part V TEMPORAL SEQUENCES

0241 A Segment-based Automatic Language Identification System
Yeshwant K. Muthusamy and Ronald A. Cole
0251 The Efficient Learning of Multiple Task Sequences
Satinder P. Singh
0259 Practical Issues in Temporal Difference Learning
Gerald Tesauro
0267 HARMONET: A Neural Net for Harmonizing Chorales in the Style of J.S. Bach
Hermann Hild, Johannes Feulner, and Wolfram Menzel
0275 Induction of Multiscale Temporal Structure
Michael C. Mozer
0283 Network Model of State-Dependent Sequencing
Jeffley P. Sutton, Adam N. Mamelak, and J. Allan Hobson

Part VI RECURRENT NETWORKS

0291 Learning Unambiguous Reduced Sequence Descriptions
Jurgen Schmidhuber
0301 Recurrent Networks and NARMA Modeling
Jerome Connor, Les E. Atlas, and Douglas R. Martin
0309 Induction of Finite-State Automata Using Second-Order Recurrent Networks
Raymond L. Watrous, and Gary M. Kuhn
0317 Extracting and Learning an Unknown Grammar with Recurrent Neural Networks
C.L. Giles, C.B. Miller, D. Chen, G.Z. Sun, H.H. Chen, and Y.C. Lee
0325 Operators and curried functions: Training and analysis of simple recurrent networks
Janet Wiles and Anthony Bloesch
0333 Green's Function Method for Fast On-line Learning Algorithm of Recurrent Neural Networks
Guo-Zheng Sun, Hsing-Hen Chen, and Yee-Chun Lee

PartVII VISION

0341 Dynamically-Adaptive Winner-Take-All Networks
Trent E. Lange
0351 Information Processing to Create Eye Movements
David A. Robinson
0356 Decoding of Neuronal Signals in Visual Pattern Recognition
Emad N. Eskandar, Barryf. Richmond, John A. Hertz, Lance M. Optican, and Troels Kjer
0364 Learning How to Teach or Selecting Minimal Surface Data
Davi Geiger and Ricardo A. Marques Pereira
0372 Learning to Make Coherent Predictions in Domains with Discontinuities
Suzanna Becker and Geoffley E. Hinton
0380 Recurrent Eye Tracking Network Using a Distributed Representation of Image Motion
P.A. Viola, S. G. Lisberger, and T.J. Sejnowski
0388 Against Edges: Function Approximation with Multiple Support Maps
Trevor Darrell and Alex Pentland
0396 Markov Random Fields Can Bridge Levels of Abstraction
Paul R. Cooper and Peter N. Prokopowicz
0404 Illumination and View Position in 3D Visual Recognition
Amnon Shashua
0412 Hierarchical Transformation of Space in the Visual System
Alexandre Pouget, Stephen A. Fisher, and Terrence J. Sejnowski
0420 VISIT: A Neural Model of Covert Visual Attention
Subutai Ahmad
0428 Visual Grammars and their Neural Nets
Eric Mjolsness
0436 Learning to Segment Images Using Dynamic Feature Binding
Michael C. Mozer, Richard S. Zemel, and Marlene Behrmann
0444 Combined Neural Network and Rule-Based Framework for Probabilistic Pattern Recognition and Discovery
Hayit K. Greenspan, Rodney Goodman, and Rama Chellappa
0452 Linear Operator for Object Recognition
Ronen Basri and Shimon Ullman

Part VIII OPTICAL CHARACTER RECOGNITION

0460 3D Object Recognition Using Unsupervised Feature Extraction
Nathan Intrator, Josh I. Gold, Heinrich H. Bulthoffi and Shimon Edelman
0471 Structural Risk Minimization for Character Recognition
I. Guyon, V. Vapnik, B. Boser, L. Bottou, and S.A. Solla
0480 Image Segmentation with Networks of Variable Scales
Hans P. Graf, Craig R. Nohl, and Jan Ben
0488 Multi-Digit Recognition Using a Space Displacement Neural Network
Ofer Matan, Christopher J. C. Burges, Yann Le Cun, and John S. Denker
0496 A Self-Organizing Integrated Segmentation and Recognition Neura